Coating of screw taps: What you should know

The quality and durability of a screw tap are heavily influenced by the base material. However, the surrounding processes also play a significant role in determining the tool’s overall performance and longevity. The surface of the screw tap is particularly vulnerable to wear and corrosion, which is why most taps undergo some form of surface treatment or receive a protective coating before being sold. Surface treatments and coatings provide a variety of benefits. They enhance the tap's resilience against wear and environmental factors, thereby extending its lifespan. These treatments also improve surface quality and enable higher cutting speeds. Some coatings even offer specific advantages tailored to certain materials, expanding the versatility of the tap. Currently, there are numerous types and combinations of screw tap coatings available. Many customer-specific coatings can be requested directly from BAER, a leading screw tap manufacturer. We aim to simplify the complex world of tap coatings and help you make informed decisions. One of the most common surface treatments is nitriding. During this process, the screw tap is exposed to a nitrogen-releasing atmosphere and subjected to high temperatures. This results in a hardened surface layer with superior hardness, wear resistance, and sliding properties compared to the original material. Nitriding is particularly effective for materials like cast iron, steel with high perlite content, titanium alloys, and others. Another popular treatment is vaporizing, a steam-based process that triggers a chemical reaction on the tap’s surface. This creates a crystalline iron oxide layer, reducing friction and improving lubrication. As a result, it prevents the formation of build-up edges and cold welding. However, this method is only suitable for iron materials. Calduring is a combination of nitriding and vaporizing, offering dual benefits. This treatment is ideal for materials that are both tough and wear-inducing. For machining softer materials like copper and its alloys, hard chromium plating is often used. This electrolytic process deposits a hard chrome layer, enhancing the tap’s sliding properties and reducing surface roughness. However, the machining temperature must remain below 250°C to fully utilize these benefits. When it comes to coatings, PVD (Physical Vapour Deposition) is the primary method used for taps and cutting dies. This vacuum-based process transforms the coating material into a gaseous state, which then condenses onto the tap, forming a durable layer. TiN (Titanium Nitride) coatings are gold-yellow in color and offer a micro-hardness of 2,200 HV with temperature resistance up to 600°C. This general-purpose coating is widely used for soft to tough-hard steels, cast iron, and non-ferrous metals. TiN-coated tools can also be recoated multiple times. TiCN (Titanium Carbonitride) coatings are gray-violet and extremely hard, making them ideal for high-mechanical-stress applications. With a micro-hardness of 3,000 HV and temperature resistance up to 400°C, TiCN is perfect for high-strength steels and abrasive materials. However, due to its lower heat resistance, adequate cooling is essential. TiAIN (Titanium Aluminum Nitride) coatings are black-violet and boast a micro-hardness of 3,300 HV with temperature resistance up to 800°C. Their high chemical stability and heat resistance make them excellent for high-temperature applications and limited cooling scenarios. These coatings are ideal for high cutting speeds and abrasive materials. In addition to these standard coatings, there are numerous variations designed for specific applications. For instance, the X.TREME coating combines the properties of TiN, TiCN, and TiAIN, providing exceptional performance. The CrN (Chromium Nitride) coating is silver-gray and offers excellent thermal stability and corrosion resistance. If you’re unsure which surface treatment or coating best suits your needs, feel free to reach out to us. Our customer service team is always ready to assist you in achieving your goals. All the mentioned coatings are available in our online store, or we can customize taps based on your specifications. Your success is our priority, and we’re here to support you every step of the way.

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