A brief history of cobalt mining

The application of cobalt minerals has a long history. Before the Era, the Egyptians used cobalt blue as a coloring agent for ceramic products. Since the Tang Dynasty, cobalt compounds have been widely used as colorants in ceramic production. In 1735, the Swedish chemist Brandt first isolated cobalt. In 1780 Bergman identified cobalt as an element.
Germany and Norway first produced a small amount of cobalt, and in 1874 developed a cobalt oxide mine in New Caledonia. In 1903, the production of silver- cobalt and arsenic- cobalt mines in northern Ontario, Canada, caused the world production of cobalt to soar from 16t in 1904 to 1553t in 1909. After the development of the copper- cobalt belt in Zaire Katanga in 1920, cobalt production has been ranked first in the world. Morocco used cobalt and arsenic to produce cobalt. During this period, cobalt was mainly produced by fire. Since then, the eve of World War II, Finland from cobalt-containing pyrite cinder mention cobalt, sent to West Germany after the war chlorination roasting, until 1968, was established Kokkola cobalt plant. Japan, France, and Belgium have large-scale cobalt refineries that process cobalt-rich intermediates in the Philippines, Australia, Morocco, and Zambia. This crude refining cobalt and cobalt resources in the country's metallurgical refining the pattern of the developed industrial countries of cobalt has still dominant. In recent years, countries with abundant cobalt resources have also established large-scale complete cobalt metallurgical plants. Nowadays, various hydrometallurgy has become the main method for extracting cobalt.
Compared with the world, China's cobalt industry started late. In 1952, Nanchang Hardware Mining Company of Jiangxi Province used a simple blast furnace to smelt cobalt ore to produce cobalt iron. In 1956, Jiangxi Smelter was built according to this process, and the produced cobalt iron was sent to Shanghai Sanying Electro-metallurgical Plant (predecessor of Shanghai Smelter) for treatment. Meixian County of Guangdong Province also used the same process to smelt cobalt iron from cobalt ore to the Chaozhou Smelter to produce industrial cobalt oxide.
In 1954, the Shenyang Smelting Co to wet zinc smelting slag as raw output of the first electric cobalt, cobalt kicked off electricity production in China, Shenyang Smelting zinc xanthate system uses the method cobalt output of xanthan cobalt residue in addition to the The plant uses this cobalt slag as raw material to produce 30%-40% cobalt hydroxide by reducing and dissolving cobalt oxide, and then drying, roasting, electric furnace reduction and smelting into crude metal cobalt, and finally obtaining by electrolytic refining method. Electric cobalt. In 1958, the Luzhou Cobalt Smelter produced cobalt oxide from local cobalt ore. Due to the scattered local cobalt ore resources, it was impossible to mass-produce. Under the arrangement of the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry, the Cangzhou Cobalt Smelter began processing arsenic-cobalt ore imported from Morocco in 1960. This is the beginning of China's production of cobalt from imported cobalt raw materials. In 1966, Huludao Zinc Plant's first built a plant recovery of cobalt from cobalt concentrate sulfur, and later gradually built a cobalt plant in Nanjing Iron and Steel Plant, Zibo Cobalt Smelter, Hubei photochemical cobalt phosphorous fertilizer plant workshop.
After the development of Ganchuan Jinchuan, Sichuan Huili and Jilin Lanshi copper- nickel mines, copper sulfide nickel ore has become an important resource for the recovery of cobalt. The cobalt recovery of Jinchuan Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd. includes the production of electrolytic cobalt and cobalt oxide from the purification of cobalt slag by nickel electrolysis system, and the production of cobalt oxide from the cobalt-rich bronzing copper produced by the cobalt slag process. At present, the cobalt production of Jinchuan Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd. has accounted for more than 70% of the country's total output, and has become an important base for cobalt production in China.

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